Recherche

Rare diseases Patients with a rare disease should receive appropriate and specific care: a diagnosis as quickly as possible and follow-up in care units trained in these rare conditions. The Rare Diseases Function (8 in Belgium) is responsible for coordinating, with the teams possessing the relevant expertise, care pathways and scientific research and training projects involving all stakeholders, to ensure appropriate care that is constantly evolving.

What are bile duct diseases? (Strictures, stones and leaks) Various conditions can cause an obstruction of the bile ducts (benign narrowing, scarring, cancer, gallstones, …), leading to symptoms such as jaundice, itching, infections and pain. After imaging assessment, some situations require an endoscopic procedure to treat the biliary obstruction.In this way, these procedures can be performed in a minimally invasive manner under radiological guidance by passing an endoscope through the mouth (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography – ERCP) in order to extract stones, place one or more biliary prostheses (stents), and take tissue samples. In some cases, it is necessary to use a miniature camera to access the bile ducts to directly evaluate or treat these diseases on site (cholangioscopy). After trauma or surgery, a bile duct leak may occur. Similarly, ERCP can be used to resolve these complications without the need for further surgery.If you experience any of the following symptoms (yellow eyes or skin, dark urine, itching, abdominal pain, fever), please consult your doctor. After blood tests and imaging (abdominal ultrasound or abdominal CT scan), a suspicion of bile duct disease may be identified. In some cases, an abdominal MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) will be necessary for the diagnosis. In all these situations, a consultation with a specialist should be requested, or even a visit to the emergency department, which may be followed by hospitalization. Make an appointment for a consultation Bile duct diseases: what medical care at H.U.B? Within the Endoscopy Clinic, all the techniques required to treat bile duct diseases are available in the hands of the gastroenterology team (endoscopic and percutaneous retrograde cholangiography, biliary drainage guided by endoscopic ultrasound), allowing patients to be treated within a short time. Furthermore, the multidisciplinary approach, enabling discussion of the ideal treatment for each patient with various specialists (radiologist, pathologist, oncologist, surgeon, …), is a major asset of our clinic. Discover the H.U.B Endoscopy Clinic Bile duct diseases: what scientific and medical innovations at H.U.B? Erasmus Hospital has been a pioneer in the endoscopic treatment of bile duct diseases since the 1970s, when many innovations were developed under the leadership of Prof. Cremer and later Prof. Devière. This well-established expertise continues today, together with numerous related innovations, as evidenced by the department’s many scientific publications. Our Contributions to Scientific Research As members of a leading academic hospital, our healthcare professionals conduct scientific research projects to advance medicine and continuously improve the quality of care provided to patients. View the list of our scientific publications

What is esophageal dysplasia? Dysplasia is a precancerous lesion. Various factors, including alcohol and tobacco consumption, as well as gastroesophageal reflux, can alter the type of cells lining the esophagus (for example, Barrett’s esophagus). In some cases, there is an increased risk of cancer. Today, it is possible to detect precancerous lesions and, in some cases, remove them (endoscopic resection by mucosectomy or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)) or ablate them by burning (radiofrequency). Esophageal dysplasia: what medical management at the H.U.B? Thanks to the expertise of the team and the latest-generation endoscopes available at the Endoscopy Clinic of Erasmus Hospital, it is possible to identify these precancerous lesions with great precision and treat them optimally, in order to limit the need for esophageal surgery and the risk of disease progression. The multidisciplinary approach typical of an academic hospital makes it possible to discuss each patient jointly with the surgical, oncological and radiological teams, in order to offer the best treatment to each patient.If you have undergone an endoscopy that showed the presence of Barrett’s esophagus or dysplastic (precancerous) lesions, and you wish to obtain the opinion of the specialized Erasme team, do not hesitate to make an appointment for a consultation (by email at ConsGastroMed [dot] erasme [at] hubruxelles [dot] be or by phone at +32 (0)2 555.35.04). Depending on your file, a new endoscopic evaluation may be proposed using our latest-generation endoscopes, in order to define the best treatment to offer. Discover the H.U.B Endoscopy Clinic Esophageal dysplasia: what scientific and medical innovations at the H.U.B? Our hospital benefits from accreditation from the INAMI/RIZIV for the use of radiofrequency to treat Barrett’s esophagus endoscopically (in cases of precancerous lesions or after ablation of an early cancer). In addition, Erasme Hospital is accredited by the INAMI/RIZIV as a reference center for esophageal surgery (specialized contracted center), making this multidisciplinary approach crucial for better patient treatment. Finally, several scientific publications have been issued by the team on this subject in recent years, demonstrating the pioneering nature of the endoscopy clinic in this field. Our Contributions to Scientific Research As members of a leading academic hospital, our healthcare professionals conduct scientific research projects to advance medicine and continuously improve the quality of care provided to patients. View the list of our scientific publications

What is Alzheimer’s disease? Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, but also language, thinking, reasoning, and the ability to perform everyday tasks. It is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. The disease progresses slowly over several years and leads to a gradual loss of independence.Alzheimer’s, memory issues, and normal aging: telling the differenceOccasionally forgetting a name or an appointment can be part of normal aging. However, when a person forgets recent events, gets lost in familiar places, or repeatedly asks the same questions, this may be a sign of a pathological disorder. Normal aging does not lead to loss of independence, unlike Alzheimer’s disease.Why is a medical diagnosis essential?An early diagnosis makes it possible to:Understand the difficulties encounteredBetter organize daily lifeAccess treatments (pharmacological or non-pharmacological) to slow disease progressionReceive support for the patient and their relativesEventually participate in research protocols and clinical trials Symptoms, causes, and risk factors Cognitive, behavioral, and functional symptomsCognitive: memory loss, difficulty with orientation, speaking, understanding, or planningBehavioral: irritability, anxiety, depression, agitation, possible hallucinationsFunctional: loss of independence in daily activities (managing finances, meals, mobility, hygiene, …)Known biological mechanisms (proteins, neurodegeneration – simplified)Identified risk factorsRole of sleep, lifestyle, and environmental factorsThe disease is linked to the accumulation of two abnormal proteins in the brain: beta-amyloid, which forms plaques, and tau, which accumulates inside neurons. These deposits disrupt communication between cells and lead to their degeneration.Age (main factor)Family history and genetics (APOE ε4)Cardiovascular factors (hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, obesity)Tobacco or alcohol useSedentary lifestyleSocial isolationHead injuriesSleep disorders or depressionHearing or vision lossAir pollutionPoor sleep quality, an unbalanced diet, physical inactivity, and exposure to pollution may contribute to the onset or worsening of symptoms. Conversely, physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and social interaction are protective. Key figures and prevalence in Belgium Approximately 200,000 people are currently living with dementia in Belgium, and since 2019 it has become the leading cause of death in the country.Alzheimer’s disease accounts for about 70% of dementia cases.This number could double by 2050 due to population aging and increasing prevalence of risk factors. The societal impact is considerable: loss of independence, caregiver burden, and rising healthcare costs.(sources: Sciensano, WHO). Early-onset Alzheimer’s: a still underrecognized reality A form occurring before age 65Alzheimer’s disease can occur earlier, sometimes as early as the forties or fifties. This is referred to as early-onset Alzheimer’s. It affects approximately 6 to 9% of patients (source: KCE Report 2021).Specific challenges (diagnosis, professional life, family)Frequent diagnostic delay (symptoms attributed to stress or depression)Major impact on professional and family lifeIssues with administrative recognition (pension, insurance, social rights)Importance of a structured and specialized care pathwayA structured, multidisciplinary, and early care approach is essential: neurologist, neuropsychologist, social worker, caregiver support, inclusion in research programs. Our specialists Our specialists Prof. Mélanie StraussAcademic Head of the Integrated Memory Clinic (CIMe)Head of the Adult Sleep Functional Unit (SomA)PositionNeurologist, Hospital ProfessorSpecialist in cognitive neuroscienceSpecialist in sleep and vigilanceFNRS researcher Dr. Jean-Christophe BierHead of the Integrated Memory Clinic (CIMe)Member of the HUB hospital-faculty ethics committeePresident of the Clinical Ethics Reflection Unit – ErasmePositionNeurologist, Deputy Head of ClinicSpecialist in cognitive neuroscience and behavioral disorders Clinical research and innovation: the REMEMBER project Understanding and anticipating Alzheimer’s diseaseObjectives of the REMEMBER projectThe REMEMBER project, led by the Integrated Memory Clinic (CIMe) at Erasme Hospital, aims to better understand the origins of Alzheimer’s disease, identify early signs even before marked memory loss appears, and develop new non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches. Concretely, this involves building a large patient cohort followed over time, with a comprehensive assessment combining brain imaging, memory testing, biological analyses, and sleep recordings.Sleep, memory, and Alzheimer’s: an inseparable trioWe now know that sleep is not just a period of rest. It plays a fundamental role in memory consolidation and brain cleansing, particularly through a system called the “glymphatic” system, which is especially active during deep sleep. When sleep is disrupted, the brain becomes less efficient at clearing certain proteins such as beta-amyloid and tau, which accumulate abnormally in Alzheimer’s disease. The REMEMBER project specifically aims to better measure the link between poor sleep quality, memory loss, and the development of characteristic brain lesions.Why is this important?To better identify at-risk individuals from the earliest signs (mild memory issues, insomnia, anxiety…) and address modifiable risk factors quicklyTo monitor disease progression in a personalized wayTo test innovative approaches such as auditory stimulation during deep sleep (CLAS) or immersive virtual realityWhat does this change for patients?More precise cognitive and biological assessments conducted over a few daysFaster care with a personalized treatment planOpportunity to participate in clinical studies or access emerging therapiesBetter information and long-term support, including for familiesA project supported by the Erasme FundThe Erasme Fund for medical research is a key player in this project. Thanks to its support, the REMEMBER cohort has been launched in a structured, innovative, and human-centered environment. It also funds complex analyses, specialized equipment (such as portable electroencephalography), and research positions involved in the study. The Integrated Memory Clinic An innovative structure serving patients, their families, and researchIn response to the rapid increase in age-related cognitive disorders and the anticipated arrival of disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, Erasme Hospital – H.U.B launched in 2025, with the support of the Erasme Fund, the Integrated Memory Clinic (CIMe). This pioneering structure combines diagnosis, care, and cutting-edge research in one place, offering patients and their families comprehensive, coordinated, and accessible care.Designed as a reference center, CIMe provides a global, human, and innovative approach. Each patient benefits from a structured care pathway from the earliest cognitive complaints, including an in-depth assessment, a personalized care plan, and regular follow-up, also involving caregivers and family members. Discover the Clinic

Definition Cephalalgia is the medical term describing pain in the head. It is a pain felt in the head, jaw, or upper neck. They can be occasional or recurrent, mild or very intense, and affect different areas (forehead, temples, back of the head…).Headaches are not a disease in themselves: they are a symptom that may occur in many situations such as fatigue or stress, or may reflect a more specific neurological condition. Symptoms Symptoms vary depending on the type:Tension-type headache• Sensation of pressure, tightness, or a band around the head• Continuous pain, mild to moderate• Rarely associated symptoms• Often linked to stress, fatigue, or poor postureMigraineMigraine is a specific type of headache, often more severe. It is not just a bad headache: it is a neurological disorder with specific features (ICHD3 criteria):• Pulsating pain, often on one side• Duration of 4 to 72 hours without effective treatment• Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells• Nausea or vomiting• Sometimes preceded by visual, sensory, or motor disturbances called “aura”Migraine is therefore a specific type of headache requiring tailored management.Other types of headachesLess common types include trigeminal neuralgia, cluster headaches, paroxysmal hemicrania, medication-overuse headaches, and secondary headaches due to underlying conditions. Prevalence (Belgium) Headaches are very common:Most adults experience at least one headache per yearAbout 20% of adults report migraines yearly in BelgiumWomen are more affected than menMigraines and tension headaches are the most common Medical care Management depends on the type of headache, its frequency, its intensity, and its impact on daily life. It is based on:An accurate diagnosisIdentification of triggering factorsAn appropriate treatment planPrevention of recurrenceDiagnosisDiagnosis is mainly based on:Medical consultation: description of the pain, frequency, duration, and associated symptomsClinical (neurological) examinationInternational diagnostic criteria (e.g. number of attacks, duration, associated signs, etc.)In most cases of primary headaches (such as migraine or tension-type headache), no additional tests (CT scan, MRI) are required as a first-line approach.Treatment – Acute PhaseObjective: to relieve the attack when it occursFor tension-type headaches:Rest and hydrationSimple analgesics (paracetamol, ibuprofen, according to medical advice)For migraine:Specific treatment to be taken at the first signsMedications such as triptans, sometimes prescribed by a doctor depending on the situationAnti-nausea medication if nausea is presentTreatment taken too late or too frequently may sometimes worsen headaches (rebound effect).Chronic Treatment / Follow-upIf you experience frequent or disabling headaches:Keep a headache diary (date, duration, etc.)Regular medical evaluation with your general practitioner and follow-up with a neurologist if necessaryPrevention with:Lifestyle modifications (sleep, hydration, stress)Preventive medications (by prescription)Complementary techniques (physiotherapy, stress management, relaxation, physical activity, etc.)For chronic or severe migraine, specific preventive treatments may be proposed. For these, it is necessary to complete and keep headache calendars throughout the course of the condition. FAQ 1. What is a cephalalgia (headache)? A cephalalgia, also called a headache, is pain felt in the head or neck. There are different types of headaches, the most common being tension-type headache and migraine. 2. What is the difference between a headache and a migraine? Migraine is a specific type of headache. It is characterized by:Pulsating pain ("beating"), often on one side of the headModerate to severe intensityAssociated symptoms (nausea, aura, etc.)Migraines are a type of headache, but not all headaches are migraines. 3. What are the most common causes of headaches? The most frequent causes include:Stress and fatigueLack of sleepDehydrationMuscle tension in the neck, shoulders, and scalpMigraineIn most cases, headaches are not linked to a serious illness. 4. When should I see a doctor for headaches? It is recommended to consult a doctor if:Headaches are frequent or worseningPain is unusual or very severeHeadaches interfere with daily lifeUsual medication is no longer effectiveYour primary care doctor recommends specialist advice 5. What are warning signs of a serious headache? Seek urgent medical attention if the headache:Appears suddenly and is very severeIs accompanied by fever, stiff neck, or confusionIs associated with unusual neurological symptoms (vision, speech, weakness)These situations are rare but require prompt evaluation. 6. Can stress cause chronic headaches? Yes. Stress is a major trigger for tension-type headaches and can worsen migraines. Prolonged exposure to stress can lead to recurrent or chronic headaches. 7. Can painkillers cause headaches? Yes. Taking painkillers too frequently can cause medication-overuse headaches, with almost daily pain. Medical advice is recommended if treatment is taken multiple times per week or more than 10 days per month. 8. Do I need a CT scan or MRI for headaches? In most cases, imaging is not necessary. A CT scan or MRI is only recommended in specific situations, based on medical evaluation, for example when warning signs are present. 9. Is migraine a chronic disease? Migraine is a chronic neurological condition that occurs in attacks. It can be managed with appropriate treatment and regular medical follow-up. Migraine may improve or worsen over a person’s lifetime. 10. How can I prevent headaches and migraines? Prevention involves:Regular sleepAdequate hydrationStress managementIdentifying triggersPreventive treatment if necessaryMedical follow-up allows management to be adjusted as needed. 11. Who should I consult for repeated headaches? For frequent headaches, it is recommended to:First consult your general practitionerSee a neurologist if necessary, based on your doctor’s adviceErasmus Hospital (H.U.B.) offers specialized care for headaches and migraines. SecMed [dot] Neuro [dot] erasme [at] hubruxelles [dot] be (Make an appointment). Useful Resources and Links For more information or support: Belgian Headache League – information, peer support, and patient resources (FR) Headache Calendar (document to download and complete) FR

Definition Dementia and neurocognitive disorders are observed in many conditions. They involve problems with memory, language, reasoning, or the organization of thought, which may impair the ability to perform daily tasks. These neurocognitive and behavioral disorders can worsen over time. Their frequency increases with age. The first reported symptoms often include a loss of sense of time, recurrent forgetfulness, word-finding difficulties, or trouble following a conversation. Among the degenerative diseases responsible for these symptoms, the most common are Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease, and frontotemporal dementia. They may also be observed following brain injuries caused, for example, by one or more strokes. Care Management The Neurology Department of Erasme Hospital provides individualized medical care, starting from the diagnostic process, which is developed together with the patient and their relatives. Within our Integrated Memory Clinic (CIMe) and cognitive disorders unit, the patient is assessed globally (physical, cognitive, behavioral, and other aspects) using clinical tests and paraclinical examinations that allow for a precise diagnosis. Treatments, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are then systematically adapted and discussed with the patient.As research lies at the heart of the hospital’s values, clinical study protocols—focusing both on new therapeutic approaches and more fundamental research—are regularly offered to patients and their relatives if they wish.If they choose, the patient’s relatives may also benefit from support and guidance, including the possibility to participate in therapy sessions with the patient or to receive home care assistance. Research Our expertise is applied in a multidisciplinary manner, both in the diagnostic approach—using modern technologies (such as magnetoencephalography), new biomarkers (plasma-based, electrophysiological, or imaging), and refined neuropsychological assessment—and in the care of patients and their relatives. Their integration into the medical strategies developed for them is systematically encouraged. In addition to the opportunity to contribute to the development of a very large, collaborative, and clinically detailed cohort at the forefront of knowledge, it is also possible to participate in numerous studies, whether pharmaceutical or involving, for example, the use of virtual reality for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

What is a defunctioning stoma? A stoma is the connection of an internal organ to the skin.Sometimes, when the digestive or urinary system is damaged, blocked, or diseased, it may need to be diverted. The surgeon will divert the digestive or urinary system using a portion of intestine brought out onto the abdomen. A pouch (a bag) that will collect stool or urine is placed over the stoma.The stoma is created by a surgeon and can be:Temporary: it is put in place to allow an organ to heal, and is later closed.Permanent: it is permanent when natural continuity cannot be restored.The main types are:Colostomy (colon)Ileostomy (small intestine)Urostomy (urinary tract)A stoma is not a disease: it is a medical solution that helps preserve health, life and/or improve the patient’s quality of life.  What are the indications for a stoma? A stoma may be indicated in several medical situations.Digestive indicationsCancer of the colon, rectum or anusCrohn’s disease or ulcerative colitisIntestinal obstructionPerforation or severe intestinal complicationUrinary indicationsBladder cancerSevere urinary function disordersCongenital malformationsNeurological conditions affecting the bladderThe decision to create a stoma is made on a case-by-case basis, after medical discussion and patient information. How to care for a patient with a stoma at home? Returning home is an important step. With proper support, care becomes part of daily routine.Stoma careClean the skin around the stoma with waterDry thoroughly before applying a new deviceChange the pouch according to recommendations (generally every 1 to 3 days)Check that the appliance adheres properly to prevent leaksMonitoring the skin and the stomaThe skin around the stoma must remain healthyAny redness, pain or oozing must be reportedObserve the size and height of the stomaDiet and hydrationAdapted diet and hydration (depending on the type of stoma you have)In the case of a digestive stoma, certain foods may alter bowel movements: for example increase gas or odors (cabbage, onions, carbonated drinks)Remember to follow the advice given by the dietitian and your stoma care nurse during your surgeryPsychological supportLiving with a stoma can be emotionally difficult. Support from relatives and healthcare professionals is essential, and sometimes that of a psychologist. What to do in case of complications? Certain situations require special attention:Contact your stoma care nurse if:Itching under the pouchRepeated leaksPersistent skin irritation or wound around the stomaIf you have any doubt or question: one phone call is better than isolating yourself out of fear or concern.Seek medical attention quickly if:The stoma becomes black, purple or very painfulSignificant bleeding appearsAbdominal pain, fever, nauseaIf in doubt, do not stay alone: contact your home care team, the stoma care nurse or, if necessary, go to the emergency department. Your contact persons at H.U.B? At the Brussels University Hospital (H.U.B), several professionals support patients with a stoma:Stoma care nurse: main contact for care, education and adaptation of equipmentFollow-up at Erasmus Hospital: 02 555 56 30Follow-up at Jules Bordet Institute: 02 541 03 02Specialist doctor (surgeon, gastroenterologist, urologist)Medical secretariatAt night or on weekends, if possible wait until the next day or Monday, contact your home nurse or your general practitioner, or go to the emergency department if needed. Resources and useful links about stomas FAQ – The 10 most frequently asked questions about stomas 1. Can you live normally with a stoma? Yes. After an adaptation period, most patients resume an active, social and professional life. 2. Is the stoma painful? The stoma itself is not painful. Pain may occur in case of irritation or complications. 3. Can you shower with a stoma? Yes, with the pouch. 4. Can you do sports with a stoma? Yes, most sports are possible, with certain precautions (support belt, avoid contact sports, no abdominal pressure). 5. Are there odors? Modern pouches are designed to be airtight and absorb odors. 6. How long does a stoma last? It depends on the condition: some are temporary, others permanent. 7. Can you travel with a stoma? Yes. It is recommended to bring sufficient supplies; contact your stoma care nurse to help you prepare and anticipate. 8. What to do in case of pouch leakage? Change the appliance, check the fit of the equipment and contact the stoma care nurse if the problem persists. 9. Should the diet be modified when you have a stoma? Sometimes. Certain foods may influence urine, bowel movements, gas or odors. A dietitian will inform you about specific recommendations. 10. Who to talk to in case of psychological difficulties? Your stoma care nurse, healthcare professionals, hospital psychologists.

IVF: Why? What? How? For whom? Why consider IVF?In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a medically assisted reproduction (MAR) technique that helps couples or single women conceive a child when natural conception is difficult or impossible. It is recommended in several situations, including:Blocked or absent Fallopian tubesMale infertility (insufficient sperm motility and/or quality)Repeated failure of other fertility treatmentsInfertility lasting more than 3 yearsAge over 40IVF is also necessary when embryos need to be tested in the laboratory before implantation to prevent having a child with a genetic disease (PGD - Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis).What does IVF involve?IVF consists of:Stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.Retrieving the eggs under medical supervision through a minimally invasive procedure performed in a day hospital.Fertilizing them with sperm in the laboratory (in vitro).Transferring one of the embryos into the uterus a few days later.Supporting the implantation phase with hormonal and medical follow-up.How does it work?The process involves several stages:Initial consultation: hormonal, genetic, and serological screening, ultrasound, semen analysis (spermogram).Treatment plan consultation: review of screening results, therapeutic proposal, informed consent, administrative procedures.Cycle start consultation: explanation and prescription of the different treatment phases.Ovarian stimulation: medication to produce multiple eggs.Egg retrieval (oocyte puncture): harvesting the eggs under light anesthesia.Laboratory fertilization: eggs and sperm are brought into contact.Embryo culture: monitoring development for 2 to 6 days.Embryo transfer: an embryo is placed into the uterus.Post-transfer follow-up: blood test followed by an ultrasound to confirm pregnancy.For whom?Heterosexual couples or single women experiencing infertility.Women up to 45 years old in Belgium (depending on hospital regulations).Patients with a reasonable chance of achieving the birth of a child. Practical Information on Coverage and Reimbursement Social Security and Mutual Insurance (Mutuelle)In Belgium, IVF treatments are partially reimbursed by the INAMI (National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance), depending on medical conditions and the patient's age (6 cycles up to and including 42 years of age).Basic reimbursement includes: consultations, lab tests, hormonal treatments, egg retrieval, fertilization, and the freezing of surplus embryos.Supplementary mutual insurance funds may cover the remaining costs (co-payments/out-of-pocket fees and sperm or egg donation).Individuals wishing to undergo IVF should check their personal situation with their insurance provider to find out the exact amount reimbursed.Private InsuranceFew private health insurance companies offer supplementary coverage to cover the portion of MAR treatments not reimbursed by the INAMI. Introducing the IVF Teams at H.U.B The Fertility and MAR Clinic has a multidisciplinary team specializing in IVF, supporting patients at every stage:MAR specialist physicians carry out evaluations, prescribe treatments, manage medical follow-up, and perform technical IVF procedures.Laboratory biologists carry out the fertilization of the eggs, as well as the culture and monitoring of the embryos.Coordinating nurses support patients, explaining protocols and practical care arrangements.Anesthesiologists ensure patient safety and comfort during egg retrieval.Every member of the team is available to answer questions and reassure the patient at all stages of the treatment. Discover our Fertility clinic Useful resources and links on IVF in Belgium [SITE WEB] Société Belge de Fertilité (SBF) : informations fiables sur les tech… [SITE WEB] Présentation de la Clinique de Fertilité et de PMA de l'Hôpital Univ… FAQ on IVF 1. How do the hormone injections work? Injections are administered subcutaneously (into the belly or thigh). Our nurses will train you during a dedicated appointment, providing a demonstration and written guide. Most patients quickly become independent in doing this. 2. IVF: What should I do if I miss an injection? In case of a missed or delayed injection, contact our team immediately. In most cases, a simple solution can be found to adjust the protocol without putting the cycle at risk. 3. Are hormone injections for IVF painful? They are generally well tolerated. Some patients experience mild discomfort or bloating related to ovarian stimulation, but these effects are temporary. 4. How long does an IVF cycle last? A full cycle lasts an average of 4 to 6 weeks, from the start of stimulation to the pregnancy test 5. How many appointments are required for an IVF cycle? A cycle includes several blood tests and monitoring ultrasounds to precisely adjust hormone dosages. The exact number varies depending on how your body responds to the treatment 6. Can I continue to work during IVF treatment? Yes, the majority of patients continue their professional activities. Appointments are scheduled to best fit your personal and work organization 7. What happens during the egg retrieval process? Egg retrieval (oocyte puncture) is performed under anesthesia (local or general, depending on the case) and takes about 15 to 20 minutes. You can return home on the same day. 8. IVF: Do I need to change my diet or lifestyle? A balanced lifestyle is highly recommended: a varied diet, moderate physical activity, and smoking cessation. The experts at the Brussels University Hospital will provide you with personalized advice. 9. What happens after the embryo transfer? A blood test is performed about 10 to 12 days after the transfer to confirm pregnancy. 10. What happens if the IVF attempt does not work? A follow-up review appointment is systematically arranged to analyze the cycle and adapt the strategy if necessary.

Qu'est-ce que le Syndrome du grêle court ? Le syndrome du grêle court apparait lorsqu’une grande partie de l'intestin grêle a dû être retirée lors d'une opération. Cette situation peut survenir  suite à un manque d’irrigation sanguine de l'intestin (un peu comme un « infarctus » qui touche cette partie du corps) ou à cause entre autres d'une maladie inflammatoire chronique comme la maladie de Crohn. Lorsqu’il manque une trop grande partie de l'intestin, l’organisme  n’est plus en mesure d’absorber correctement l'eau, les nutriments et les vitamines indispensables à son bon fonctionnement. Dans certains cas, une stomie a également été créée : il s’agit d’une ouverture de l'intestin sur la peau crée chirurgicalement par laquelle les selles sont évacuées dans une poche externe. Si elle permet d'assurer l'évacuation des selles, elle peut aussi entraîner des pertes importantes de liquides pour l'organisme. Symptômes Des diarrhées fréquentesUne perte de poids liée à un manque d’absorption des nutriments (dénutrition)(lien vers la problématique de santé dénutrition)Une déshydratationDes anomalies dans le sang : manque de certains minéraux essentiels comme le sodium ou le potassium, ainsi que de vitamines et d’oligo-élémentsUne fatigue Comment diagnostiquer le Syndrome du grêle court ? Vous serez d'abord reçu(e) par un(e) gastroentérologue spécialisé(e) qui prendra le temps de faire le point sur vos symptômes ainsi que sur votre parcours médical et chirurgical. Des examens complémentaires seront ensuite réalisés :Une prise de sang complète pour évaluer votre état général, le fonctionnement de vos reins et de votre foie, ainsi que vos taux de vitamines et de minéraux.Un examen d'urines.Un scanner et un transit intestinal pour mesurer la longueur de l'intestin restant.Une échographie du foie et un fibroscan pour s’assurer de la bonne santé de votre foie.Une densitométrie osseuse pour évaluer la solidité de vos os. Traitements et prise en charge Votre prise en charge est assurée par une équipe de plusieurs spécialistes, coordonnée par votre gastroentérologue:Une diététicienne vous accompagnera pour adapter votre alimentation à votre situation.Des médicaments et des compléments vitaminiques seront prescrits pour ralentir le transit intestinal et corriger les éventuelles carencesSi votre intestin ne parvient plus à absorber suffisamment de nutriments, une alimentation directement par voie intraveineuse- appelée nutrition parentérale- pourra être mise en place. Une infirmière spécialisée et un(e) pharmacien(ne) vous expliqueront alors son fonctionnement ainsi que le type de cathéter (petit tuyau placé dans une veine) qui sera utilisé.Dans certains cas, un traitement médicamenteux spécifique peut être proposé pour stimuler la capacité d’absorption de votre intestin (agonistes du GLP-2)Existe-t-il une solution chirurgicale ?Selon votre situation, une nouvelle intervention chirurgicale peut être envisagée afin de reconnecter les différentes parties de l'intestin. Si vous avez une stomie, sa fermeture pourra également être discutée.Comment se déroule le suivi ?Un suivi régulier est essentiel pour veiller à votre bien-être et à l’efficacité de vos soins:Au moins 3 consultations par an avec votre gastroentérologue.Des prises de sang et des analyses d'urines à chaque visite.Une échographie du foie et un fibroscan chaque année.Une densitométrie osseuse tous les 2 ans, ou plus fréquemment si nécessaire.Pour les jeunes patients : le passage vers l'âge adulteSi vous avez été suivi(e) jusqu’ici en pédiatrie, la transition vers un service adulte se prépare progressivement, à partir de 16 ans :Votre médecin pédiatre prendra contact avec l'équipe adulte et lui transmettra l’ensemble des informations concernant votre santé et votre traitement.Une première consultation commune — en présence de votre médecin pédiatre et votre nouveau médecin référent — sera organisée, pour que vous ne vous sentiez pas seul(e) dans cette étape.Si besoin, un suivi dans les deux services (pédiatrique et adulte) peut être maintenu pendant 6 mois au maximum, afin de faciliter cette transition en toute sérénité. Nos spécialistes Pr. Marianna Arvanitakis Directrice de la Clinique de Pancréatologie et du Support NutritionnelGastroentérologue, spécialisée en Maladies pancréatiques, endoscopie interventionnelle et nutrition clinique. La Pr Marianna Arvanitakis s'est spécialisée en pancréatologie et en endoscopie interventionnelle au sein de l'équipe du Pr Jacques Devière à l'Hôpital Erasme. Après avoir obtenu un DIU en Nutrition Clinique en 2005, elle a repris la coordination médicale de l'activité de support nutritionnel en 2018. Les recherches menées au sein de la clinique se concentrent notamment sur l'optimisation de la prise en charge des patients atteints de pancréatite aiguë sévère et de pancréatite chronique, ainsi que sur la gestion des patients souffrant d'un syndrome du grêle court. Membre de plusieurs sociétés scientifiques, elle est Secrétaire Générale de l'European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) pour la période 2025–2027, et maître de stage en gastroentérologie pour l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB). Langues parlées : Français, Anglais, Grec. Pr Alia Hadefi La Pr Hadefi est gastroentérologue, avec une expertise en nutrition clinique et en maladies métaboliques du foie. Elle a soutenu sa thèse de doctorat sur l'interaction entre l’intestin et les maladies hépatiques en 2024, et a effectué une formation complémentaire en 2025 au sein du Service de Gastroentérologie, Maladies Inflammatoires Chroniques de l'Intestin (MICI) et Assistance Nutritive de l'Hôpital Beaujon (Paris).Langues parlées : Français, Anglais, Arabe. Dr. Michael Fernandez Y Viesca Le Dr Fernandez est gastroentérologue, avec une expertise en pancréatologie acquise après l'obtention d'un DIU en Pancréatologie en 2017 (Sorbonne). Il est médecin coordinateur pour les Maladies Pancréatiques Bénignes au sein de la concertation multidisciplinaire de Pancréatologie, et prépare actuellement une thèse de doctorat portant sur la pancréatite aiguë sévère.Langues parlées : Français, Anglais, Espagnol. Service associé Contact Vous pouvez prendre un rendez-vous en consultation (par email à ConsGastroMed [dot] erasme [at] hubruxelles [dot] be ou par téléphone au +32 (0)2 555.35.04 ou contacter le service de Gastroentérologie de l'H.U.B directement au SecMed [dot] GastroMed [dot] erasme [at] hubruxelles [dot] be (SecMed[dot]GastroMed[dot]erasme[at]hubruxelles[dot]be)Vous pouvez aussi contacter l’infirmière clinicienne de nutrition Madame Ballarin au asuncion [dot] ballarin [at] hubruxelles [dot] be (asuncion[dot]ballarin[at]hubruxelles[dot]be)  Découvrir la Clinique de Pancréatologie

Qu'est-ce qu'une maladie glomérulaire rare ? Les maladies glomérulaires sont des affections qui touchent les glomérules, les filtres microscopiques du rein chargés d'éliminer les déchets et l'excès d'eau de l'organisme. Lorsqu'ils sont endommagés, ils peuvent entraîner une perte de protéines dans les urines, la présence de sang dans les urines et une diminution progressive de la fonction rénale.Certaines de ces maladies sont rares et résultent d'anomalies génétiques, tandis que d'autres sont liées à un dérèglement du système immunitaire (maladies immunomédiées). Ces affections nécessitent une expertise spécialisée afin d'établir un diagnostic précis et de proposer un traitement adapté. Quels sont les symptômes ? Les manifestations varient selon la maladie et son stade d'évolution.Les signes les plus fréquents sont :Une protéinurie (présence excessive de protéines dans les urines) ;Une hématurie (présence de sang dans les urines) ;Des œdèmes, notamment au niveau des jambes ou du visage ;Une hypertension artérielle ;Une altération de la fonction rénale ;Une fatigue importante ;Dans certaines formes génétiques, des atteintes d'autres organes peuvent être associées.Certaines maladies peuvent évoluer silencieusement pendant plusieurs années avant d'être diagnostiquées. Comment établit-on le diagnostic ? Le diagnostic repose sur une évaluation approfondie réalisée par une équipe spécialisée.Les examens peuvent comprendre :Des analyses sanguines et urinaires ;Une évaluation complète de la fonction rénale ;Une biopsie rénale lorsque celle-ci est indiquée ;Des analyses immunologiques spécialisées ;Des examens génétiques visant à identifier une cause héréditaire ;Une évaluation des autres organes potentiellement concernés.L'identification précise de la maladie est essentielle pour adapter le traitement et déterminer le pronostic. Notre prise en charge au HUB Le HUB dispose d'une expertise reconnue dans le diagnostic et le suivi des maladies glomérulaires rares, qu'elles soient génétiques ou immunomédiées.Les patients bénéficient d'une prise en charge personnalisée intégrant les avancées diagnostiques et thérapeutiques les plus récentes.Expertise en maladies glomérulaires raresL'équipe de Néphrologie prend en charge l'ensemble des maladies glomérulaires rares, notamment :Les syndromes d'Alport et autres néphropathies héréditaires ;Les podocytopathies génétiques ;Les glomérulopathies liées aux anomalies du complément ;Les glomérulonéphrites à dépôts d'IgA ;Les glomérulonéphrites membranaires ;Les vascularites associées aux ANCA ;Le lupus érythémateux systémique avec atteinte rénale ;Les maladies glomérulaires associées à des maladies systémiques rares.Chaque dossier est discuté au sein d'une équipe spécialisée afin de définir la stratégie diagnostique et thérapeutique la plus appropriée. Une prise en charge multidisciplinaire La prise en charge des maladies glomérulaires rares nécessite souvent l'intervention de plusieurs spécialistes.Selon les besoins du patient, les équipes suivantes peuvent être impliquées :Néphrologie ;Génétique médicale ;Immunologie clinique ;Rhumatologie ;Médecine interne ;Anatomopathologie ;Ophtalmologie ;ORL ;Cardiologie ;Pédiatrie spécialisée.Cette collaboration permet une prise en charge globale tenant compte de toutes les dimensions de la maladie. Collaboration avec l'HUDERF De nombreuses maladies glomérulaires rares d'origine génétique se manifestent dès l'enfance ou l'adolescence. Le HUB collabore étroitement avec l'Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) afin d'assurer un parcours de soins coordonné pour les jeunes patients atteints de maladies rénales rares.Un programme de transition pédiatrique-adulte est organisé afin d'accompagner progressivement les adolescents vers les soins adultes. Cette transition structurée permet d'assurer la continuité du suivi médical, le transfert des données cliniques et génétiques ainsi que l'acquisition de l'autonomie nécessaire à la gestion de leur maladie.Les équipes pédiatriques et adultes travaillent conjointement afin d'offrir une prise en charge cohérente et sécurisée tout au long de la vie du patient. Quels traitements sont disponibles ? Les traitements dépendent du type de maladie identifié.Ils peuvent comprendre :Des traitements visant à protéger la fonction rénale ;Des médicaments réduisant la protéinurie ;Des traitements immunosuppresseurs ;Des biothérapies ciblées ;Des traitements spécifiques de certaines maladies génétiques ;Une prise en charge des complications cardiovasculaires et métaboliques ;Une préparation à la transplantation rénale lorsque celle-ci devient nécessaire.L'objectif est de ralentir l'évolution de la maladie, préserver la fonction rénale et améliorer la qualité de vie. Recherche et innovation Le HUB participe activement à la recherche dans le domaine des maladies glomérulaires rares.Les équipes sont impliquées dans :Des registres nationaux et internationaux ;Des programmes de recherche translationnelle ;Le développement de nouveaux biomarqueurs diagnostiques ;Des études génétiques ;Des essais cliniques évaluant de nouveaux traitements ciblés.Cette activité permet aux patients d'accéder à une expertise de pointe et aux innovations thérapeutiques les plus récentes. Notre expertise Le HUB est un centre de référence pour les maladies rénales complexes et rares.Nos points forts :Expertise reconnue dans les maladies glomérulaires rares ;Accès à des analyses génétiques spécialisées ;Réunions multidisciplinaires dédiées ;Collaboration étroite avec les spécialistes des maladies systémiques et génétiques ;Parcours structuré de transition pédiatrique-adulte ;Participation active à la recherche clinique et translationnelle ;Approche personnalisée centrée sur le patient. Nos spécialistes Service associé

What is oesophageal cancer? The oesophagus is the digestive tract that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Oesophageal cancer is a malignant tumour that develops in the oesophageal mucosa (the innermost layer of the wall) and then progressively invades the different layers of the oesophageal wall. Cancer cells can also detach from the primary tumour and migrate to the lymph nodes or other organs (liver, lungs, bones), where they form new tumours called metastases. The main risk factors for oesophageal cancer are smoking, alcohol consumption and their combination, as well as gastro-oesophageal reflux (Barrett’s oesophagus). In Belgium, 1,400 new cases are recorded each year. It is four times more common in men than in women. Surgical treatment for oesophageal cancer is offered depending on the stage of the tumour.To determine this stage, a series of diagnostic examinations will be performed:An endoscopy of the oesophagus and stomach, during which biopsies of the tumour will be taken and sent for analysisA cervicothoracoabdominal CT scan to assess the extent of the diseaseA PET scan to assess the extent of the diseaseEndoscopic ultrasound to assess the depth of the tumour and the presence of lymph nodes (with a biopsy needle aspiration if necessary)A nutritional assessmentA cardiorespiratory assessmentA geriatric oncology assessment if you are over 70 years oldDepending on your needs, other examinations may be performed (MRI, bronchoscopy, ENT consultation, etc.). The diagnosis of cancer is confirmed by the histopathological analysis of the biopsies taken. There are two types of cancer originating in the mucosal layer of the oesophagus: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Care management Which surgery? These various examinations make it possible to offer treatment tailored to your situation, depending on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease and your general condition. The choice of treatment is made after analysing the various results, which will be discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting attended by surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, gastroenterologists, radiotherapists, pathologists and other relevant specialists. Surgery is the treatment offered for localised cancers. It involves removing all or part of the oesophagus. Reconstructive surgery using the stomach or intestine (small intestine or colon) is performed at the same time to restore continuity of the digestive tract. The lymph nodes near the tumour, oesophagus and stomach will also be removed and sent for histopathological analysis. Surgery may be preceded by chemotherapy, combined in some cases with radiotherapy, depending on the extent of the disease.If the tumour cannot be operated on, chemotherapy may be offered, with or without radiotherapy. This treatment aims to slow the progression of the disease, relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Depending on the location and type of tumour, the surgeon will use two or three surgical approaches:Abdominal and right thoracic approach (subtotal oesophagectomy)Abdominal, right thoracic and left cervical approach (total oesophagectomy)Before your surgery Good preparation for surgery is essential. You will therefore be asked to follow a series of recommendations:Stop smoking: this will reduce the risk of pulmonary complications after your surgery.You are advised to stop smoking 4 to 6 weeks before your procedure. A tobacco specialist at our hospital can help you do so.Avoid alcohol: alcohol can interact with the medicines we will need to give you. You are advised to stop drinking alcohol at least 4 weeks before your procedure. Psychological support may be offered to help you do so.Walking: exercising daily (brisk walking for up to 30 minutes twice a day) will prepare you to be in better condition for your procedure.Breathing exercises: you will be given a small spirometer to carry out your exercises at home and prepare your lungs as well as possible for the procedure.Low-fibre diet: to be started 5 days before your procedure (you will be given a list of permitted foods during your appointment with the surgical coordinator).Our surgical coordinator will also arrange appointments for you with an anaesthetist, a dietitian and a physiotherapist to prepare you as well as possible for your procedure. If you have lost a lot of weight, a dietitian will prescribe nutritional supplements. Before your procedure, maintaining your healthy weight and muscle mass is a priority in order to prevent malnutrition. Malnutrition is a condition resulting from an insufficient nutritional intake compared with your energy and protein requirements. You must eat enough healthy, varied and balanced food to maintain your strength, immunity and resistance to infections, and thus avoid certain complications during your surgery. We therefore recommend a nutritional supplement that supports immunity and wound healing through arginine, omega-3 fatty acids and nucleotides. You may also consume the same supplement in the event of malnutrition after your surgery. Sometimes, it will be necessary to place a nasogastric feeding tube, a gastrostomy or a jejunostomy endoscopically or surgically to provide nutrition.You will be admitted to hospital 24 to 48 hours before your surgery. On the day before your procedure, you will be asked to drink apple juice (approximately four 20 cl cartons) or non-carbonated iced tea (approximately three 33 cl cans). From midnight onwards, you must no longer eat solid food; you may continue to drink clear liquids (liquids containing no pulp or milk) until 4 hours before your anaesthetic. The anaesthetist or your surgeon will prescribe the medicines you may take on the morning of the procedure with a sip of water.After your surgery After the procedure, you will remain under observation overnight in a post-anaesthesia care unit before returning to your room the following morning. In some situations, monitoring in the intensive care unit will be necessary. To reduce postoperative pain, the anaesthetist will have placed an epidural before the procedure, which will continuously deliver painkillers. You will keep it for 5 days. You will also receive intravenous painkillers. You will be asked to assess your pain daily on a scale from 0 to 10: a score below 4 out of 10 indicates that your pain is well controlled.Drains are also placed during the procedure (in the thoracic and abdominal and/or cervical areas) to remove accumulated fluid. They will be removed progressively during your hospital stay. A urinary catheter, a small tube inserted through your urinary canal into your bladder to allow urine to drain, is placed during the procedure and will be removed within 48 hours after the operation unless contraindicated. A nasogastric tube, placed during the procedure through the nose and down the throat into the stomach, is left in place to empty the contents of your stomach during the first few postoperative days. It will be removed after the follow-up radiographic examination (OED).After your procedure, you will remain strictly nil by mouth until the OED has been performed. You will then receive nutrition either parenterally (through a venous system), through a jejunostomy tube (a small tube placed in the small intestine during the procedure), or through the nasogastric tube. Intensive respiratory physiotherapy and mobilisation sessions will be prescribed daily and started the day after the procedure. The follow-up radiological examination will be performed between the 6th and 7th postoperative days. If the examination shows no leak at the anastomosis (the suture between the oesophagus and stomach), the nasogastric tube will be removed and you will be allowed to drink, but only a few sips of water. Oral feeding will then be resumed. You will be given instructions for a soft, puréed and small, frequent-meal diet for 6 to 8 weeks.Your eating habits will also need to be adapted after surgery Initially, the texture of your food will be modified. It should be puréed or soft, that is, easy to eat, for example: bread without crusts, soaked rusks, dairy products, minced meat (e.g. minced steak, prepared steak tartare, meatloaf, etc.), tender poultry (e.g. chicken thigh, etc.), boneless fish, eggs, mashed potatoes, cooked, tender and low-fibre vegetables (e.g. cooked carrots, courgettes, etc.), stewed fruit or very ripe fruit without the skin (e.g. kiwi, pear, etc.), and so on.Later, the diet can be broadened, but thorough chewing will be important because your jaw will act as a blender. You should eat in a calm, stress-free environment, dividing your food intake into smaller meals (6 small meals spread throughout the day), because the procedure reduces the portion sizes you can eat. You should also drink between meals in small sips (1 to 1.5 litres per day), avoiding carbonated drinks, especially during the first month. Do not hesitate to enrich your diet, as your food portions will be smaller. For example, add an egg yolk to mashed potatoes, meatballs or melted cheese to soup, or crème fraîche to vegetables.Risks and complications associated with the procedure 1. During the procedure:Bleeding that may require a blood transfusionRib fracture related to the right thoracotomy, which will be treated with painkillers.2. After the procedure:Pulmonary and infectious complications.Anastomotic fistula: this is a leak at the suture site between the oesophagus and stomach. Initially, it will be treated medically, with possible drainage or placement of a prosthesis endoscopically. Very rarely, repeat surgery is indicated.Delayed gastric emptying, with or without pyloric spasm. This will be treated medically (with medication to stimulate gastric emptying), possibly combined with an endoscopic procedure on the pylorus.Wound infection treated with local care, possibly combined with antibiotics.Long-term stenosis of the oesophagogastric anastomosis: this is a narrowing at the suture site between the oesophagus and stomach, revealed by difficulty passing food. Treatment is endoscopic dilatation or placement of a prosthesis.Long-term gastro-oesophageal reflux, treated with postural measures and medication.Returning home You may return home after 9 to 12 days in hospital. You will be given a prescription for nursing care for wound care. To prevent thrombosis, you will receive a daily subcutaneous injection of an anticoagulant until the thirtieth postoperative day. Your prescription for painkillers will also be adjusted. It is important to continue your exercises at home (spirometer, walking, etc.).You will see your surgeon, dietitian and physiotherapist again approximately one month after your surgery. Our specialists Associated department

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